The patch modify the raise statement, according to PEP
3109 and script fix_raise.py (available in sandbox 
directory of SVN).
Compile all ok, but it's not complete: now, exiting from 
Python interpreter, there is Segmentation fault.
I think to work on this problem in next days.

With compiler (GCC) options "-g3 -ggdb3" there isn't Segmentation fault.
With default option "-g" yes....

File Added: pep3109-2.patch

I have correct all errors.

I hope that it is useful.
File Added: pep3109.patch

Collin, can you review this?

Issues:

0) The patch does not apply cleanly; please update it.
1) The patch is incorrect. It does not address the fact that compiling a 2-arg assert statement emits "RAISE_VARARGS 2".
2) The patch is spectacularly untested: because of (1), the interpreter crashes almost immediately when running regrtest.py.
3) Even if you fix (1), the patch is not refcount-correct: regrtest.py crashes after test_dict due to a refcounting error.

Also: the patch implements the "e.__traceback__ = T" implicit assignment. The last I knew, there had never been a formal decision on whether to go ahead with that part of the PEP (there having been quite an uproar and whatnot). Guido: we may have kicked this particular can as far down the road as it's going to go. As soon as we come to a final decision on this, I have a tested, refcount-safe implementation that I'll put up on SF.

OK, today I will work on this problems.
I hope to release a new patch in short time.

I have corrected the patch.

1) In the patch, I would to put also the modifications to
.py files of distribution? I don't thought... So the patch become very big!!!
If you want, I do it.
The patch concerns to implementation (C source files) only!...

2) In the new patch I dropped the code for "__traceback__ part" of
the PEP 3109. Therefore, after application of the fix_raise.py script to
library some modules not works whatever.
File Added: pep3109-2.patch

The patch to Python/compile.c is still obviously incorrect, even more so than before. Try this:

>>> assert True is False
>>>

And of course, this little gem:

>>> assert True is False, "um really?"
Traceback (most recent call last):
TypeError: exceptions must derive from BaseException
>>>

Your unwillingness, inability or disinclination to properly test your patch is wasting my time.

Closing this for lack of progress.  (Collin, how's your own version coming along?)