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Python 3.11.0a3

Release Date: Dec. 8, 2021

This is an early developer preview of Python 3.11

Major new features of the 3.11 series, compared to 3.10

Python 3.11 is still in development. This release, 3.11.0a3 is the third of seven planned alpha releases.

Alpha releases are intended to make it easier to test the current state of new features and bug fixes and to test the release process.

During the alpha phase, features may be added up until the start of the beta phase (2022-05-06) and, if necessary, may be modified or deleted up until the release candidate phase (2022-08-01). Please keep in mind that this is a preview release and its use is not recommended for production environments.

Many new features for Python 3.11 are still being planned and written. Among the new major new features and changes so far:

  • PEP 657 -- Include Fine-Grained Error Locations in Tracebacks
  • PEP 654 -- Exception Groups and except*
  • The Faster Cpython Project is already yielding some exciting results: this version of CPython 3.11 is ~ 19% faster on the geometric mean of the PyPerformance benchmarks, compared to 3.10.0.
  • (Hey, fellow core developer, if a feature you find important is missing from this list, let Pablo know.)

The next pre-release of Python 3.11 will be 3.11.0a4, currently scheduled for Monday, 2022-01-03.

More resources

And now for something completely different

Rayleigh scattering, named after the nineteenth-century British physicist Lord Rayleigh is the predominantly elastic scattering of light or other electromagnetic radiation by particles much smaller than the wavelength of the radiation. For light frequencies well below the resonance frequency of the scattering particle, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the wavelength. Rayleigh scattering results from the electric polarizability of the particles. The oscillating electric field of a light wave acts on the charges within a particle, causing them to move at the same frequency. The particle, therefore, becomes a small radiating dipole whose radiation we see as scattered light. The particles may be individual atoms or molecules; it can occur when light travels through transparent solids and liquids but is most prominently seen in gases.

The strong wavelength dependence of the scattering means that shorter (blue) wavelengths are scattered more strongly than longer (red) wavelengths. This results in the indirect blue light coming from all regions of the sky.

Files

Version Operating System Description MD5 Sum File Size GPG
Gzipped source tarball Source release 0a00ecc45af8453f2f76f6877c76e371 23.9 MB SIG
XZ compressed source tarball Source release 7f51bc58150d223c162241d6896204a4 17.9 MB SIG
macOS 64-bit universal2 installer macOS for macOS 10.9 and later 1131f50071640f5ee9c6087490e4e87e 39.2 MB SIG
Windows installer (64-bit) Windows Recommended 729453f18c6d19248429ee7bba4b46c7 27.2 MB SIG
Windows installer (32-bit) Windows 1119f2f799e479d6c8b761d2c01475b2 26.1 MB SIG
Windows help file Windows 47fe83c2c67145c89730ac580b7c0214 9.2 MB SIG
Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Windows bda0970926c990e7a381bcc3574d456b 9.7 MB SIG
Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Windows 665ce581633d4ecd58b2dcf5759fb070 8.8 MB SIG