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Python 3.11.0b5

Release Date: July 26, 2022

This is a beta preview of Python 3.11

Python 3.11 is still in development. 3.11.0b5 is the last of the five planned beta release previews. Beta release previews are intended to give the wider community the opportunity to test new features and bug fixes and to prepare their projects to support the new feature release.

We strongly encourage maintainers of third-party Python projects to test with 3.11 during the beta phase and report issues found to the Python bug tracker as soon as possible. While the release is planned to be feature complete entering the beta phase, it is possible that features may be modified or, in rare cases, deleted up until the start of the release candidate phase (Monday, 2021-08-02). Our goal is have no ABI changes after beta 4 and as few code changes as possible after 3.11.0rc1, the first release candidate. To achieve that, it will be extremely important to get as much exposure for 3.11 as possible during the beta phase.

Please keep in mind that this is a preview release and its use is not recommended for production environments.

Major new features of the 3.11 series, compared to 3.10

Some of the new major new features and changes in Python 3.11 are:

General changes

  • PEP 657 -- Include Fine-Grained Error Locations in Tracebacks
  • PEP 654 -- Exception Groups and except*
  • PEP 680 -- tomllib: Support for Parsing TOML in the Standard Library
  • PEP 681 -- Data Class Transforms
  • gh-90908 -- Introduce task groups to asyncio
  • gh-34627 -- Atomic grouping ((?>...)) and possessive quantifiers (*+, ++, ?+, {m,n}+) are now supported in regular expressions.
  • The Faster CPython Project is already yielding some exciting results. Python 3.11 is up to 10-60% faster than Python 3.10. On average, we measured a 1.22x speedup on the standard benchmark suite. See Faster CPython for details.

Typing and typing language changes

  • PEP 673 -- Self Type
  • PEP 646 -- Variadic Generics
  • PEP 675 -- Arbitrary Literal String Type
  • PEP 655 -- Marking individual TypedDict items as required or potentially-missing

(Hey, fellow core developer, if a feature you find important is missing from this list, let Pablo know.)

The next pre-release of Python 3.11 will be 3.11.0rc1, currently scheduled for Monday, 2022-08-01.

More resources

And now for something completely different

Schwarzschild wormholes, also known as Einstein–Rosen bridges (named after Albert Einstein and Nathan Rosen), are connections between areas of space that can be modelled as vacuum solutions to the Einstein field equations, and that are now understood to be intrinsic parts of the maximally extended version of the Schwarzschild metric describing an eternal black hole with no charge and no rotation. Here, "maximally extended" refers to the idea that spacetime should not have any "edges": it should be possible to continue this path arbitrarily far into the particle's future or past for any possible trajectory of a free-falling particle (following a geodesic in the spacetime).

The Einstein–Rosen bridge was discovered by Ludwig Flamm in 1916, a few months after Schwarzschild published his solution, and was rediscovered by Albert Einstein and his colleague Nathan Rosen, who published their result in 1935. However, in 1962, John Archibald Wheeler and Robert W. Fuller published a paper showing that this type of wormhole is unstable if it connects two parts of the same universe and that it will pinch off too quickly for light (or any particle moving slower than light) that falls in from one exterior region to make it to the other exterior region.

Although Schwarzschild wormholes are not traversable in both directions, their existence inspired Kip Thorne to imagine traversable wormholes created by holding the "throat" of a Schwarzschild wormhole open with exotic matter (material that has negative mass/energy).

Files

Version Operating System Description MD5 Sum File Size GPG
Gzipped source tarball Source release 944a2913ed45e8111f4169230f24556c 25.1 MB SIG
XZ compressed source tarball Source release ef72213a60146324699c48344b4ea31c 18.9 MB SIG
macOS 64-bit universal2 installer macOS for macOS 10.9 and later df1da04df4fc0593844f6ff161f38e54 40.5 MB SIG
Windows installer (64-bit) Windows Recommended eec2c4ce1fc1f8314f6a244b88e49516 24.0 MB SIG
Windows installer (32-bit) Windows 264f8a790c8acf955a8a4d16043da044 22.9 MB SIG
Windows installer (ARM64) Windows Experimental 0f054c36d6898ead697bad2f8ad0a85e 23.1 MB SIG
Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Windows 1a1e37c146e4d2aafb846550e1c8d52f 10.0 MB SIG
Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Windows 94b7bd9732c8c0cfa7076a5c91fc0ee8 9.1 MB SIG
Windows embeddable package (ARM64) Windows 3572178d23f692f2870f46816b4a31cf 9.3 MB SIG